⚡ Math Tricks They Don't Teach in School

Shortcuts, checks, and contest gems — each one with a worked example and the reason it works. Learn the trick, understand the trick, then use it with confidence.

✦ The Chen Math Academy Way — what makes this different

Other websites hand you a trick and move on. Here, every trick is taught the way Mr. Chen teaches: with literacy, precision, and accuracy; with attention to detail, dedication, and discipline; and with integrity. Students learn the shortcut and why it works, when it works, and how to check it — the high-level thinking that turns a trick into real problem-solving skill. That is why parents choose this academy over the rest.

Math literacy

Students understand what the numbers mean — not just memorize steps. A trick is only taught once the idea behind it is clear.

Precision

Every trick is shown with exact steps. No hand-waving, no “just trust it” — each move is stated and checked.

Accuracy

Every trick on this page is verified, and every trick comes with a way to check the answer. Being fast never excuses being wrong.

Attention to detail

The small cases matter: carries, edge cases, and exactly where a trick stops working are all spelled out.

Dedication

Tricks are practiced until they are automatic — not watched once and forgotten. Speed comes from repetition with understanding.

Discipline

Check every answer before moving on: digit sums, estimates, and last digits. Good habits are part of the lesson, not an afterthought.

Integrity

No gimmicks that only work sometimes. Every trick here states exactly when it works and when it does not.

High-level thinking

Tricks are taught as reasoning, not magic. Students learn why a shortcut works — so they can invent their own.

Lightning Multiplication

Multiply faster than a calculator, with pen and paper.

⚡ Multiply by 11

For a two-digit number ab: write a, then a + b, then b. Carry if a + b is 10 or more.
  1. 34 × 11: 3, then 3 + 4 = 7, then 4 → 374.
  2. 67 × 11: 6, then 6 + 7 = 13 — carry the 1: 6 + 1 = 7, then 3, then 7 → 737.

Why it works: 11n = 10n + n, so the middle digit is the sum of the two digits.

Answer: 34 × 11 = 374; 67 × 11 = 737

⚡ Squares ending in 5

Take the tens digit n, compute n(n + 1), then write 25 after it.
  1. 65²: 6 × 7 = 42, then 25 → 4225.
  2. 105²: 10 × 11 = 110, then 25 → 11025.

Why it works: (10n + 5)² = 100n(n + 1) + 25.

Answer: 65² = 4225; 105² = 11025

⚡ Difference of squares

If two numbers sit equally far from a round number m: (m − d)(m + d) = m² − d².
  1. 29 × 31: both are 1 away from 30, so 30² − 1² = 900 − 1.
  2. 48 × 52: both are 2 away from 50, so 50² − 2² = 2500 − 4.

Why it works: The cross terms cancel: (m − d)(m + d) = m² − d².

Answer: 29 × 31 = 899; 48 × 52 = 2496

⚡ Multiply by 5

Halve the number, then multiply by 10.
  1. 86 × 5: half of 86 is 43, times 10 is 430.
  2. Works the other way too: 5 × 248 = 124 × 10 = 1240.

Why it works: Multiplying by 5 is the same as multiplying by 10 and dividing by 2.

Answer: 86 × 5 = 430

⚡ Numbers near 100

97 × 93: write both as distances from 100, then combine.
  1. 97 = 100 − 3 and 93 = 100 − 7.
  2. (100 − 3)(100 − 7) = 10000 − 100(3 + 7) + 21 = 10000 − 1000 + 21.

Why it works: Expanding gives 100² − 100(a + b) + ab.

Answer: 97 × 93 = 9021

Check Your Work

Catch mistakes before they cost marks — the discipline habit.

⚡ Casting out 9s

Add the digits of each number until one digit remains. The digit-sum of a product equals the product of the digit-sums (mod 9).
  1. Check 47 × 36 = 1692: 47 → 4 + 7 = 11 → 2; 36 → 3 + 6 = 9 → 0.
  2. 2 × 0 = 0. And 1692 → 1 + 6 + 9 + 2 = 18 → 9 → 0. The check passes.

Why it works: A number mod 9 equals its digit sum mod 9, so the check must match.

Answer: 1692 passes the check

⚡ Divisibility by 11

Add and subtract the digits alternately. If the result is a multiple of 11, so is the number.
  1. 121: 1 − 2 + 1 = 0, and 0 is a multiple of 11.
  2. So 121 = 11 × 11.

Why it works: 10 ≡ −1 (mod 11), so alternating digits give the remainder mod 11.

Answer: 121 is divisible by 11

⚡ Last-digit elimination

A perfect square never ends in 2, 3, 7, or 8.
  1. If a multiple-choice question asks for a square and one option ends in 7, cross it out at once.
  2. Possible last digits of squares: only 0, 1, 4, 5, 6, 9.

Why it works: Checking 0² through 9² covers every possible last digit.

Answer: Eliminate any square ending in 2, 3, 7, or 8

Algebra Shortcuts

Solve without the long way around.

⚡ Vieta's shortcut

For x² + bx + c = 0, the roots add to −b and multiply to c. Find them without the quadratic formula.
  1. x² − 7x + 12 = 0: two numbers with sum 7 and product 12.
  2. 3 + 4 = 7 and 3 × 4 = 12.

Why it works: (x − r)(x − s) = x² − (r + s)x + rs.

Answer: Roots 3 and 4

⚡ Vertex by completing the square

x² + 6x + 5 = (x + 3)² − 4, so the vertex is (−3, −4) — no formula needed.
  1. Take half of 6: 3. (x + 3)² = x² + 6x + 9.
  2. Subtract 4 to get back to x² + 6x + 5. The vertex form shows (−3, −4).

Why it works: Completing the square rewrites any quadratic in vertex form.

Answer: Vertex (−3, −4)

⚡ Largest product for a fixed sum

Two numbers with a fixed sum have their largest product when they are equal.
  1. Two numbers adding to 20: 10 × 10 = 100 beats 12 × 8 = 96.
  2. Any split 10 − d and 10 + d gives 100 − d², which is always ≤ 100.

Why it works: (m − d)(m + d) = m² − d² ≤ m².

Answer: 10 and 10 give 100

⚡ Compare fractions by cross-multiplying

To compare a/b and c/d, compare ad with bc. No common denominator needed.
  1. 5/8 vs 7/11: 5 × 11 = 55 and 7 × 8 = 56.
  2. 56 is bigger, so 7/11 is bigger.

Why it works: Multiplying both sides by the positive number bd keeps the order.

Answer: 7/11 > 5/8

Contest Gems

The kind of shortcut that wins points in competitions.

⚡ Gauss sum

1 + 2 + … + n = n(n + 1)/2.
  1. 1 + … + 100: 100 × 101 / 2 = 5050.
  2. Pair first with last: 1 + 100, 2 + 99, … — fifty pairs of 101.

Why it works: Pairing terms turns a long addition into one multiplication.

Answer: 5050

⚡ Handshake count

n people, each pair shaking hands once: n(n − 1)/2 handshakes.
  1. 20 people: 20 × 19 / 2 = 190.
  2. Each of 20 people shakes 19 hands, but every handshake is counted twice.

Why it works: Counting pairs: choose 2 from n.

Answer: 190 handshakes

⚡ The 13-14-15 triangle

The classic integer-area triangle: sides 13, 14, 15 have area 84.
  1. Semiperimeter s = (13 + 14 + 15)/2 = 21.
  2. Heron: √(21 · 8 · 7 · 6) = √7056 = 84.

Why it works: Heron's formula with a semiperimeter that makes every factor an integer.

Answer: 84

⚡ Units digit cycles

The last digits of powers repeat in a cycle. For 7ⁿ: 7, 9, 3, 1, then back to 7.
  1. Last digit of 7¹⁰⁰: 100 ÷ 4 leaves remainder 0, so it is the 4th in the cycle.
  2. The 4th value is 1.

Why it works: Only the last digit of each step affects the next last digit.

Answer: 1

⚡ Equilateral triangle area

A = s²√3/4 for side length s.
  1. Side 6: 36√3/4 = 9√3.
  2. Half the triangle is a 30-60-90 triangle with height s√3/2.

Why it works: Area = (1/2) · base · height with height s√3/2.

Answer: 9√3

⚡ Percent by splitting

15% = 10% + 5%. Find the easy pieces and add.
  1. 15% of 240: 10% is 24, 5% is half of that, 12.
  2. 24 + 12 = 36.

Why it works: Percentages add because they are all fractions of the same whole.

Answer: 36

These tricks are a sample of how Mr. Chen teaches. For lessons built on the same way of teaching, get in touch.

Ask about lessons →

Keep going: 💎 Formula Treasure Vault · AMC, BMT & SMT contest practice

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